This calculator computes the force exerted by pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders based on pressure and bore size, compliant with ISO 6431/6432 (pneumatic) and ISO 6020/6022 (hydraulic) standards. It supports single-acting (push) and double-acting (push and pull) cylinders in Metric (mm, bar, N) or Imperial (inches, psi, lbf) units.
The formula used is: F = P * A, where F is force, P is pressure, and A is the effective area (π * (Bore/2)^2 for push, π * ((Bore/2)^2 - (Rod/2)^2) for pull). The chart visualizes force vs. pressure, and results can be exported as a PDF for documentation.